Linux+ Study Notes

Setup CentOS VM’s

1. Install VirtualBox (a.k.a. VB) and the extension pack
2. Download the ISO from HTTP://centos.org/download
3. Set up a new VM with centos default settings
   • Use hostname: rhhost1
   • Tip: Ensure virtual support is enabled in BIOS/UEFI/hostOS
   • Tip: enter centos as hostname so that VB pre-populates all RedHat settings for you, then change the hostname to whatever you want
   • Tip: Ensure you set the HDD size to at least 10 GB for CentOS 8.4
4. After the VM is set up, update settings as follow
   • In System > Motherboard, change Memory to 2 GB
   • In System > Processor, increase processor count where possible for better performance
   • In Acceleration > Paravirtualization Interface, use one of the following: Default, Legacy, Hyper-V, KVM
     • Tip: You may choose Default or Legacy to make it work, then change to other options later
   • In Display > Screen, increase Video Memory (to 128 MB), change Graphics Controller to VBoxSVGA for better performance if Linux host is used, and check Enable 3D Acceleration
5. Start the VM usingthe downloaded CentOS iso, complete the install with settings below
   • For software package, choose Server with GUI
   • Set up additional admin users
6. Set up persistent network connection
   • In the top right menu, click Wired Off then Wired Settings, turn on Wired, click on the gear icon, check Connect Automatically
7. Set up VBoxGuestAdditions for better graphics, network, and mouse integration
   • Open a terminal
     • sudo yum update -y
     • sudo reboot
       • Tip: skipping this task may cause subsequent tasks to fail
     • sudo yum group install -y “Development tools”
     • sudo yum install -y kernel-devel
     • Close the terminal
   • Under Device menu of the VM, choose Insert Guest Additions CD image… and Run
8. Set up network
   • Turn off the VM
   • In Network > Adapter 1 of the VM configuration, change Attached to to Bridged Adapter and choose the name for the host adapter
   • Do the same for Adapter 2
9. Set up additional drives for RAID
   • In Storage, right click Controller SATA then click Hard Disk
   • Create four new disks with default settings, but choose 1 GB for size
   • Ensure the new disks have similiar names but with #1-4 at the end
   • Attach all four disks in sequence
10. Clone CentOS VM
    • While the VM is off, right-click the VM and click clone
    • Use hostname rhhost2
    • Choose Generate new MAC addresses for all network adapters
    • Choose Keep Disk Names
    • Choose Linked clone
11. Confirm VM’s are working
    • Boot up the VM’s and confirm network connectivity
    • You may turn off the VM’s, and in System > Acceleration, change Paravirtualization Interface to Hyper-V or KVM for better performance as needed
    • Boot up the VM’s again and confirm
    • Update hostname(s) as needed
      • Open a terminal
      • sudo hostnamectl set-hostname rhhost1.localnet.com
12. Create snapshots
    • Ctrl-T to initiate, enter a name (e.g. Base install), and create the snapshot
    • To restore to the snapshot, click the red X on top right to close the window, choose Power Off, and check Restore to the snapshot on boot

Setup Ubuntu VM

Perform all steps for CentOS with exceptions below

1. Already completed with CentOS and no need to repeat
2. Download the 64-bit Ubuntu desktop iso
3. Install using hostname ubhost1 and change HDD size to at least 15 GB for Ubuntu 20.04
4. No change for this step
5. Start the VM using the downloaded Ubuntu iso
6. Network connection should already be persistent
7. No terminal command should be required, just choose Insert Guest Additions CD image… and Run
8. No need to set up network
9. No need to setup additional drives
10. No need to clone
11. No change for this step
12. No change for this step